The Timeless Charm of Tucson’s Barrio Viejo
Barrio Viejo, which translates to "Old Neighborhood” in Spanish, is one of Tucson's oldest and most culturally significant neighborhoods. Also referred to as Barrio Libre, Barrio Historico, or Barrio El Hoyo, its history dates back to the 19th century before Arizona was a state and when Tucson was a bustling hub of trade and migration in the region.
Today, Barrio Viejo is an acclaimed community and a hub of downtown Tucson’s creativity and entertainment, but it’s not without its troubling history and complex present-day woes. Notably, entire blocks of homes and businesses were bulldozed to build the Tucson Convention Center, which opened its doors in 1971. At the time, the barrio wasn’t valued by city officials, leading to the displacement of countless community members. As Barrio Viejo grows in national fame, the neighborhood is dealing with rising housing costs amidst swift economic expansion. Like many cool and quirky pockets throughout the country, Barrio Viejo is coming to terms with its identity at the intersection of history, community, and redevelopment.
Culture, History, and Striking Architecture on Every Corner
As its Spanish name suggests, Barrio Viejo originated as a neighborhood that was predominantly Mexican and indigenous, which is reflected in the Sonoran and territorial architecture of the area. Many of the neighborhood’s oldest homes were built by the occupants themselves, and the craftsmanship of these original structures is still evident today. This area was also home to many of Tucson’s Chinese and Jewish immigrants. In 1910, the nearby Stone Avenue Synagogue became the first Jewish house of worship in the Arizona Territory, housing Temple Emanu-El. Today, the building serves as the Tucson Jewish Museum and Holocaust Center. The adobe that now houses the La Suprema co-working space was once a Chinese market turned tortilla factory, and many of the other local Barrio Viejo businesses have a similarly diverse cultural history.
This vibrant melting pot of cultures, traditions, and architectural styles wasn’t always celebrated, but its splendor has recently garnered more appreciation. The New York Times, Time Magazine, and Condé Nast are among the many notable outlets that have named Barrio Viejo a top place in the world to visit. Its narrow streets, adobe structures, and colorful facades create a distinctive atmosphere that transports visitors to another time and place
One of the most striking features of Barrio Viejo is its architectural distinction and preservation efforts. These mostly adobe homes are often characterized by low-slung roofs, thick walls, and decorative elements including wooden corbels and wrought iron accents. It’s this history and preservation that has slated the neighborhood to become a National Historic Landmark, as it’s the largest collection of 19th century adobe buildings in the U.S. today.
Local Businesses and More
Today Barrio Viejo thrives as a cultural hub and home to a diverse community of artists, artisans, and business owners. The neighborhood's historic charm and downtown location have attracted a vibrant mix of businesses, including studios and restaurants. Here are a few notable spots to check out when you’re in the area:
Mexican History and Influences
No reflection on Barrio Viejo is possible without a deep acknowledgement of the Mexican history and influence that has shaped this neighborhood. Indigenous and immigrant communities made Barrio Viejo what it is today, and even as gentrification reshapes the barrio, it’s vital to ensure that this rapid change doesn’t completely rob the neighborhood of its identity.
Exploring One of Arizona’s Oldest Neighborhoods
There’s so much that makes Tucson a special city, and Barrio Viejo sits near the top of that list. What I especially love about strolling through this part of downtown is that it feels like exploring a living museum of architectural and creative treasures. Watch my video tour of Barrio Viejo to see more of the unique buildings that make this area so noteworthy.
